200 Free Textbooks: A Meta Collection

Free textbooks (aka open textbooks) written by knowledgable scholars are a relatively new phenomenon. Below, find a meta list of 200 Free Textbooks, and check back often for new additions. Also see our online collection, 1,500 Free Online Courses from Top Universities.

Art History

• A Textbook of the History of Painting by John Charles Van Dyke, Rutgers

Biology

• Anatomy and Physiology - Edited by various profs at OpenStax
• Biology - Edited by various profs at OpenStax
• Biology Pages, John W. Kimball, Harvard University
• Biochemistry Free and Easy - Kevin Ahern and Dr. Indira Rajagopal, Oregon State
• Botany Online: The Internet Hypertextbook by multiple scholars.
• Cells: Molecules and Mechanisms. Published by the Axolotl Academic Publishing Co.
• CK-12 Biology I (Grades 9-12) edited by Douglas Wilkin, Chair, Dept of Science, Los Angeles Unified School District
• CK-12 Life Science (Grades 9-12) edited by Douglas Wilkin, Chair, Dept of Science, Los Angeles Unified School District
• Concepts of Biology - Edited by various profs at OpenStax
• Guide to Getting into Med School - Kevin Ahern and Dr. Indira Rajagopal, Oregon State
• Life on Earth (iBook) - E.O. Wilson, Harvard
• Rediscovering Biology by multiple authors, UMass Amherst, University of Missouri-St. Louis, Portland Community College

Business and Management

• Business Ethics by Jose A. Cruz-Cruz, William Frey, University of Puerto Rico - Mayaguez
• Business Fundamentals by the Global Text Project
• Core Concepts of Marketing by John Burnett
• Corporate Finance by Ivo Welch, UCLA
• CREATE OR PERISH: The Case for Inventions and Patents by Robert Rines, MIT
• Electronic Commerce by Multiple authors, University of Georgia, Bentley College, and Simon Fraser University

• Guidelines for Improving the Effectiveness of Boards of Directors of Nonprofit Organizations by Vic Murray and Yvonne Harrison, SUNY, Albany

Chemistry

• Chemistry, Grades 10-12, Created by the FHSST Project (Free High School Science Texts)
• Chemistry Virtual Textbooks by Stephen Lower, Simon Fraser University
• CK-12 Chemistry (Grades 9-12) by multiple authors. Covers high school chemistry curriculum in California.
• Concept Development Studies in Chemistry by John S. Hutchinson, Rice University
• Organic Chemistry (with a Biological Emphasis) by Tim Soderberg, University of Minnesota, Morris
• Virtual Textbook of Organic Chemistry. Presented by Michigan State

Classics

• Cicero, On Pompey’s Command (De Imperio), 27–49. Latin Text, Study Aids with Vocabulary, Commentary, and Translation, by Ingo Gildenhard, Louise Hodgson, et al, Cambridge University.
• Tacitus, Annals, 15.20­-23, 33­-45. Latin Text, Study Aids with Vocabulary, and Commentary, by Mathew Owen and Ingo Gildenhard, Cambridge University
• Virgil, Aeneid, 4.1–299. Latin Text, Study Questions, Commentary and Interpretative Essays by Ingo Gildenhard, by Cambridge University
• Cicero, Against Verres, 2.1.53–86. Latin Text with Introduction, Study Questions, Commentary and English Translation, by Ingo Gildenhard, Cambridge University

Computer Science & Information Systems

• A Byte of Python, by Swaroop C H
• A First Course in Electrical and Computer Engineering by Louis Scharf, Colorado State
• Artificial Intelligence: Foundations of Computational Agents by David Poole and Alan Mackworth, University of British Columbia
• Bits, Signals, and Packets: An Introduction to Digital Communications and Networks by Hari Balakrishnan, Christopher Terman, and George Verghese, MIT
• Code Like a Pythonista: Idiomatic Python, by David Goodger
• Computational Geometry by Nicholas M. Patrikalakis, Takashi Maekawa, MIT
• Dive into Python, by Mark Pilgrim
• Foundations of Computer Science by Al Aho (Columbia) and Jeff Ullman (Stanford)
• How to Design Programs: An Introduction to Computing and Programming, Multiple Authors
• High Performance Computing by Charles Severance, University of Michigan
• How to Think Like a Computer Scientist: C ++ ( PDF) by Allen B. Downey, Olin College
• How to Think Like a Computer Scientist: Java by Allen B. Downey, Olin College
• How to Think Like a Computer Scientist: Python by Allen B. Downey, Olin College
• How to Think Like a Computer Scientist: Learning with Python 3 by Peter Wentworth, Jeffrey Elkner, Allen B. Downey, and Chris Meyers.
• Implementing a One Address CPU in Logisim by Charles W. Kann III, Gettysburg College
• Information Technology and the Networked Economy by Patrick McKeown, University of Georgia
• Information Technology for Management by Henry Lucas, NYU
• Information Theory, Inference, and Learning Algorithms by David MacKay, Cambridge
• Introduction To MIPS Assembly Language Programming by Charles W. Kann III, Gettysburg College
• iPad and iPhone App Development (related to this video course) by Daniel Steinberg, Stanford
• Learn Python the Hard Way, by Zed A. Shaw
• Neural Networks and Deep Learning, by Michael Nielsen, Research Fellow at the Recurse Center
• Philosophy of Computer Science by William J. Rapaport, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York
• Principles of Computer System Design: An Introduction (Part II) by Jerome Saltzer and M. Frans Kaashoek.
• Principles of Programming Languages by Grad Students, Johns Hopkins
• Programming Languages: Application and Interpretation by Dr. Shriram Krishnamurthi, Brown University.
• Prolog and Natural-Language Analysis by Fernando C. N. Pereira and Stuart M. Shieber, U Penn & Harvard
• Python for Informatics: Exploring Information by Charles Severance, University of Michigan
• Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs by Jerry Sussman & Julie Sussman
• Teach Yourself WordPerfect Mac by John Rethorst
• The Princeton Bitcoin Textbook by Arvind Narayanan (Princeton) and colleagues

Earth Science

• CK-12 Earth Science for Middle School by multiple authors.
• Earth Systems, an Earth Science Course (Grades 9-10). Published by Curriki. Covers California curriculum.
• Introduction to Physical Oceanography by Dr. Robert Stewart, Texas A&M University

Economics & Finance

• Principles of Macroeconomics by Libby Rittenberg and Timothy Tregarthen, Colorado College

Education

• Educational Psychology by Kevin Seifert and Rosemary Sutton, University of Manitoba and Cleveland State

Electrical Engineering

• Digital Circuit Projects: An Overview of Digital Circuits Through Implementing Integrated Circuits by Charles W. Kann, Gettysburg College
• Electromagnetics and Applications by David Staelin, MIT
• Electromechanical Dynamics by Herbert H. Woodson and James R. Melcher, MIT
• Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering I by Don Johnson, Rice University
• Introduction to Nanoelectronics by Marc Baldo, MIT
• Introduction to Physical Electronics by William Wilson, Rice University
• Introduction to Statics and Dynamics by Andy Ruina and Rudra Pratap, Cornell University
• Lessons In Electric Circuits by  Tony R. Kuphaldt, Bellingham Technical College
• Operational Amplifiers: Theory and Practice by James K. Roberge, MIT
• Signals, Systems and Inference by MIT
• Signals and Systems, by Alan Oppenheim and Alan Willsky, MIT
• System Design for Uncertainty, by Michael S. Triantafyllou, MIT
• The Art of Insight in Science and Engineering: Mastering Complexity, by Prof. Sanjoy Mahajan

Engineering

• Analysis of Structural Member Systems by Jerome Connor, MIT
• Engineering: An Introduction for High School (9-12) by multiple authors
• Maneuvering and Control of Surface and Underwater Vehicles, by Michael S. Triantafyllou, MIT
• Mechanics of Materials by MIT

History

• US History Learner English (ESL) by The Learner English Series
• U.S. History since 1877 by James Ross-Nazzal, Houston Community College

Languages

• Deutsch im Blick by the University of Texas
• German for Reading Knowledge by Howard Martin, revised and expanded as an open online textbook by Alan Ng, University of Wisconsin-Madison
• Hindi: An Active Introduction by DN Sharma & James Stone, Foreign Service Institute
• Learning Chinese: A Foundation Course in Mandarin (Part 1). by Julian Wheatley, MIT
  • Part 2
  • Part 3
  • Part 4
• My Korean 1 and 2 by Young-A Cho, In-Jung Cho, Monash University (Australia)
• Español I (free for iPad) by David Nance, ADE Distance Learning Center
• French: Familiarization and Short-Term Training by Foreign Service Institute
• Spanish: Familiarization and Short Term Training by Foreign Service Institute

Law

•  Intellectual Property: Law & the Information Society—Cases and Materials by James Boyle and Jennifer Jenkins, Duke

Linguistics

• How Language Works: The Cognitive Science of Linguistics by Mike Gasser, Indiana University

Mathematics

• Abstract Algebra: The Basic Graduate Year by Robert B. Ash, University of Illinois
• Abstract Algebra: Theory and Applications by Thomas W. Judson, Stephen F. Austin State University
• Advanced Algebra II by Kenny Felder,  Raleigh Charter High School
• Advanced Calculus by Sternberg Shlomo and Lynn Loomis, Harvard University
• Algebra 1 (Grades 9 & 10) by Andrew and Anne Gloag, High Tech High in San Diego, California
• Algebra and Analysis for Computer Science by Jean Gallier, University of Pennsylvania.
• Applied Probability by Paul Pfeiffer, Rice University
• Basic Analysis by Jiří Lebl, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• Basic Concepts of Mathematics by Elias Zakon, The University of Windsor
• Basic Probability Theory by Robert B. Ash, University of Illinois
• Basic Probability and Statistics by Brenda Meery, high school mathematics teacher in Glace Bay, Nova Scotia
• Book of Proof by Dr. Richard Hammack, Virginia Commonwealth University
• Calculus for Beginners and Artists by MIT
• Calculus Online Textbook, by Gilbert Strang, MIT
• Calculus (PDF) by David Guichard, Whitman College.
• Calculus (PDF) by Gilbert Strang, MIT
• Calculus 1 by Paul Dawkins, Lamar University
• Calculus 2 by Paul Dawkins, Lamar University
• Calculus 3 by Paul Dawkins, Lamar University
• Calculus with Applications, by Daniel Kleitman, MIT
• CK-12 Geometry (Grades 10-12) by multiple authors. Covers California curriculum.
• CK-12 Single Variable Calculus (Grades 11-12) by Multiple authors. Covers California curriculum.
• CK-12 Trigonometry - Second Edition (Grades 10-12) by multiple authors. Covers California curriculum.
• Collaborative Statistics by Barbara Illowsky, Ph.D and Susan Dean, De Anza College
• College Algebra by Paul Dawkins, Lamar University
• Complex Analysis by George Cain, Georgia Institute of Technology
• Complex Variables by Robert B. Ash, University of Illinois
• Computational Geometry by Nicholas M. Patrikalakis, Takashi Maekawa, MIT
• A Computational Introduction to Number Theory and Algebra by Victor Shoup, NYU
• A Course In Algebraic Number Theory by Robert B. Ash, University of Illinois
• A Course In Commutative Algebra by Robert B. Ash, University of Illinois
• Design of Comparative Experiments by R. A. Bailey, University of London
• Difference Equations to Differential Equations: An Introduction to Calculus by Dan Sloughter, Furman University
• Differential Equations by Paul Dawkins, Lamar University
• Discrete Mathematics: An Open Introduction by Oscar Levin, University of Northern Colorado
• Dynamical Systems by S. Sternberg, Harvard University
• Electronic Statistics Textbook by T. Hill & P. Lewicki.
• Elementary Abstract Algebra by W. Edwin Clark, University of Southern Florida
• Elementary Calculus: An Infinitesimal Approach by H. Jerome Keisler, University of Wisconsin-Madison
• Elementary Differential Equations (PDF) by William F. Trench, Trinity University
• Elementary Differential Equations with Boundary Value Problems (PDF) by William F. Trench, Trinity University
• Student Solutions Manual for Elementary Differential Equations and Elementary Differential Equations with Boundary Value Problems (PDF) by William F. Trench, Trinity University
• Elementary Linear Algebra by Keith Matthews, University of Queensland
• Elementary Number Theory by W. Edwin Clark, University of Southern Florida
• Elements of Abstract and Linear Algebra by Edwin H. Connell, University of Miami
• First Course in Complex Analysis by Matthias Beck, Gerald Marchesi, and Dennis Pixton, SUNY - Binghamton
• First Course in Linear Algebra by Dr. Robert Beezer, University of Puget Sound
• Functions Defined by Improper Integrals (PDF) by William F. Trench, Trinity University
• GeneratingFunctionology by Herbert Wilf, University of Pennsylvania
• Introduction to Matrix Algebra by Autar K Kaw, University of South Florida
• Introduction to Probability (PDF) by Charles Grinstead & J. Laurie Snell, Swarthmore & Dartmouth Colleges
• Introduction to Probability, Statistics, and Random Processes by Hossein Pishro-Nik, UMass Amherst
• Introduction to Real Analysis (PDF) by William F. Trench, Trinity University
• Introduction to Social Network Methods by Robert A. Hanneman and Mark Riddle, UC Riverside
• Introduction to Statistical Thought by Michael Lavine, UMASS
• Introductory Statistics: Concepts, Models, and Applications by David W. Stockburger, Missouri State
• Introduction to the Theory of Numbers by Leo Moser, McGill
• Lectures on Probability, Statistics and Econometrics by Marco Taboga, Economist, Bank of Italy
• Lectures on Statistics by Robert B. Ash, University of Illinois
• Linear Algebra (PDF) by Jim Hefferon, Saint Michael's College
• Linear Algebra by Paul Dawkins, Lamar University
• Math Alive by Ingrid Daubechies, Princeton University
• Math in Society by David Lipmann, Pierce College
• Math, Numerics, and Programming (for Mechanical Engineers) by Masayuki Yano, MIT
• Mathematical Methods of Engineering Analysis (PDF) by Erhan Çinlar and Robert J. Vanderbei, Princeton University
• Multivariable Calculus by George Cain & James Herod, Georgia Tech
• Proofs and Concepts: The Fundamentals of Abstract Mathematics by Dave Witte Morris and Joy Morris, University of Lethbridge
• Real Variables with Basic Metric Space Topology by Robert B. Ash, University of Illinois
• Statistics by Philip B. Stark, University of California - UC Berkeley
• A Summary of Calculus by Karl Heinz Dovermann, University of Hawaii
• The Book "A=B" by Marko Petkovsek, Herbert Wilf and Doron Zeilberger, Univ. of Pennsylvania and Rutgers
• The Method of Lagrange Multipliers (PDF) by William Trench, Trinity University
• The Calculus of Functions of Several Variables by Dan Sloughter, Furman University
• Yet Another Calculus Text by Dan Sloughter, Furman University

Music

• Beyond Slonimsky: Melodic Patterns for Guitar - by Rich Cochrane (Find alternate version here)
• Music Fundamentals 1: Pitch and Major Scales and Keys - by Terry B. Ewell, Towson University
• Music Fundamentals 3: Minor Scales and Keys - by Terry B. Ewell, Towson University
• Music Fundamentals 5: Triads, Chords, Introduction to Roman Numerals by Terry B. Ewell, Towson University
• Scale and Arpeggio Resources: A Guitar Encyclopedia by Rich Cochrane (Find alternate version here)
• Sound Reasoning (Introductory Music course) by Anthony Brandt, Rice University
• Understanding Basic Music Theory, Edited by Catherine Schmidt-Jones

Philosophy

• Animals and Ethics 101: Thinking Critically About Animal Rights by Nathan Nobis, Morehouse College
• A Modern Formal Logic Primer by Paul Teller, UC Davis
• Arguments: Deductive Logic Exercises, by H. Pospesel and D. Marans, UC Davis
• forall x: An Introduction to Formal Logic by PD Magnus, University at Albany, State University of New York
• forallx: Cambridge by P.D. Magnus; modified for Cambridge by Tim Button
• Metatheory for truth-functional logic by Tim Button, Cambridge University

Physics

• Age of Einstein, by Frank W. K. Firk, Yale University.
• Calculus-Based Physics by Jeffrey W. Schnick, Saint Anselm College
• Classical Electrodynamics by Bo Thidé, Uppsala School of Engineering
• College Physics (introductory, algebra-based, two-semester college physics book) by OpenStax
• Conceptual Physics by Benjamin Crowell, Fullerton College
• Conservation Laws by Benjamin Crowell, Fullerton College
• Essential Physics 1, Frank W.K. Firk, Yale University
• Fields by Warren Siegel, SUNY
• General Relativity by Benjamin Crowell, Fullerton College
• Introduction to Groups, Invariants & Particles, by Frank W. K. Firk, Yale University
• Introduction to Statics and Dynamics by Andy Ruina and Rudra Pratap, Cornell University
• Introduction to String Field Theory by Warren Siegel, SUNY
• Mountain Motion (or on Scribd) by Dr. Christoph Schiller PhD, trained at Université Libre de Bruxelles
• Optics by Benjamin Crowell, Fullerton College
• Principles of Modern Physics - Robert B. Leighton, Caltech
• Programming Languages: Application and Interpretation by Dr. Shriram Krishnamurthi, Brown University
• Simple Nature: An Introduction to Physics for Engineering and Physical Science Students by Ben Crowell, Fullerton College
• Superspace: One Thousand and One Lessons in Supersymmetry by Warren Siegel. Jim Gates, Marc Grisaru, and Martin Rocek, SUNY, McGill, University of Maryland
• The Feynman Lectures on Physics by Richard Feynman, Robert B. Leighton and Matthew Sands
• The Light and Matter Series (Six texts) by Benjamin Crowell, Fullerton College
• Vibrations and Waves by Benjamin Crowell, Fullerton College
• The Modern Revolution in Physics by Benjamin Crowell, Fullerton College
• The People's Physics Book by James H. Dann, UC Santa Cruz
• 21st Century Physics Flexbook: A Compilation of Contemporary and Emerging Technologies, by the Secretaries of Education and Technology and the Department of Education in the state of Virginia

Political Science

• Thinking About Politics: American Government in Associational Perspective by Paul F. deLespinasse, Adrian College

Psychology

• Educational Psychology by Kevin Seifert and Rosemary Sutton, University of Manitoba and Cleveland State

Sociology 

• American Society: How It Actually Works by By Erik Olin Wright & Joel Rogers, University of Wisconsin
• Introduction to Sociology by multiple professors

System Theory 

• Introduction to the Modeling and Analysis of Complex Systems by Hiroki Sayama, Binghamton University, State University of New York.

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